ChildHood Cancer

Childhood cancer isn’t just one disease—it’s a collection of many different cancers that affect children in unique and personal ways.
Each type comes with its own symptoms, challenges, and treatment approaches. This page is designed to give you simple, trustworthy information so you can explore each cancer type, understand what makes it unique, and feel more empowered as you support your child or loved one.

At the Mighty Like Myles Foundation, we know how overwhelming it can feel to navigate information while trying to care for your child. We understand the importance of knowing what you’re facing, and we want to make sure you have clear, reliable guidance every step of the way. You’re not alone—our mission is to help you feel informed, supported, and mighty as you walk this journey.

Types of Childhood Cancer

Childhood cancer isn’t just one disease—it’s a collection of many different cancers that affect children in unique ways. Each type comes with its own symptoms, challenges, and treatment approaches. Explore the types below to learn more and feel more informed as you support your child or a loved one.

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Leukemia
Leukemia is the most common childhood cancer, beginning in the bone marrow and affecting the body’s ability to make healthy blood cells. Symptoms can appear quickly, including fatigue, frequent infections, or easy bruising. Modern treatments such as chemotherapy and targeted therapies continue to improve outcomes.
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Brain & CNS Tumors
Brain and central nervous system tumors are the second most common pediatric cancer. They may affect movement, vision, coordination, or mood depending on their location. Treatment options include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy based on tumor type.
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Neuroblastoma
Neuroblastoma typically begins in the adrenal glands and most commonly affects infants and toddlers. Symptoms may include abdominal swelling, bone pain, or fatigue. Treatment may involve chemotherapy, surgery, stem cell transplant, or immunotherapy.
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Wilms Tumor
A kidney cancer most common between ages 3–5. Often discovered as a belly lump, Wilms tumor is highly treatable with surgery and chemotherapy, and sometimes radiation.
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Lymphoma
Lymphomas affect the immune system and include Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin types. Symptoms include swollen lymph nodes, fevers, or night sweats. Both types are often highly treatable in children.
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Sarcoma
Sarcomas like osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma affect the bones or soft tissues. Bone pain and swelling are common symptoms. Treatment may include chemotherapy and surgery.
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Infant Cancers
Certain cancers occur primarily in the first year of life. These require specialized care to protect developing organs and ensure the best long-term outcomes.
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Blood Disorders
While not cancers, blood disorders such as sickle cell disease are managed in pediatric hematology. Children may experience pain, anemia, or infections, and benefit from long-term care.
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Aplastic Anemia
A rare condition where the bone marrow stops producing enough blood cells. Treatment may include immune therapy or bone marrow transplant.
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Neurofibromatosis (NF)
NF is a genetic disorder that can cause tumors to grow on nerves. Many are harmless, but some require treatment or monitoring. Children may also experience learning differences or skin changes.
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Rare Pediatric Cancers
Many rare cancers occur in children and require highly specialized treatment centers and teams. Early diagnosis and access to clinical trials are key.

If you’re looking to learn more about the different types of childhood cancer, treatment options, symptoms, or what to expect on this journey, you’re not alone—and you don’t have to search in the dark. The websites below offer trustworthy, up-to-date information from leading medical and pediatric experts:

National Cancer Institute (NCI): https://www.cancer.gov/types/childhood-cancers#types-of-cancer-in-children
American Cancer Society (ACS): https://www.cancer.org/cancer/childhood-cancer.html
HealthyChildren.org (AAP): https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/cancer/Pages/Childhood-Cancer.aspx

There are many other reputable websites, hospitals, and organizations that provide guidance and support as well. Every family deserves clear, reliable information, and we hope these resources help you feel more informed, supported, and confident as you navigate your child’s care. You are not alone—and we’re here walking with you every step of the way.